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Glossary of terms and definitions for IT (Information Technology), the Internet and cyber security.
This glossary provides more than 480 clear and concise definitions of commonly used terms in the fields of information technology, the internet, and cyber security. It is designed to support users of all levels in understanding key concepts, technical jargon, and acronyms frequently encountered across digital platforms and security-related discussions. Whether you are a business owner, student, professional, or simply interested in the digital landscape, this resource aims to enhance your knowledge and confidence in navigating the ever-evolving world of technology.
The main printed circuit board (PCB) in a computer that connects and allows communication between the CPU, memory, storage devices, and other hardware components.
Example: Upgrading the motherboard improved the computer's overall performance and compatibility.
See also: Hardware
ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended) is a standard full-size motherboard measuring 305mm x 244mm, offering multiple expansion slots and ports for high-performance computing.
Example: A gaming PC used a standard ATX motherboard to support a powerful graphics card and multiple drives.
See also: Motherboard
Firmware stored on a motherboard chip that initialises hardware during the startup process before handing control to the operating system.
Example: She updated the BIOS to improve hardware compatibility.
See also: POST (Power-On Self-Test)
Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS) is a technology used to store BIOS settings and system configuration data in a computer, typically powered by a small battery on the motherboard.
Example: After replacing the CMOS battery, the technician reconfigured the system time and boot order in the BIOS.
See also: BIOS
Extended ATX (E-ATX) is a larger motherboard form factor measuring up to 305mm x 330mm, used in high-end workstations and servers for additional features and expansion.
Example: He wanted an E-ATX motherboard for his computer for extra RAM and PCIe slots.
See also: Motherboard, ATX
MicroATX is a smaller motherboard form factor measuring 244mm x 244mm, with fewer expansion slots but compatible with most ATX cases.
Example: An office computer was built using a MicroATX motherboard to save space while maintaining basic functionality.
See also: Motherboard, ATX
Mini-ITX is a compact motherboard form factor measuring 170mm x 170mm, designed for small form factor systems with limited expansion capability.
Example: A home media centre was built using a Mini-ITX motherboard to fit inside a compact case under the TV.
See also: Motherboard